The Egyptian ruler sent a large fleet to crush the Greek rebels. The Sultan promised his Egyptian vassal, Mohammed Ali, and Ali’s son, Ibrahim Pasha, Peloponnesos, if only they could defeat the Greek Revolution raging against him successfully since 1821. However, he died in Mesologgi in April of 1824.
Besiege free o.27 free#
He tried convincing the European powers to intervene on behalf of the Greeks struggling valiantly since 1821 to free their country from Turkish occupation. The poems of Byron praised Greek virtues. The Greeks of the beleaguered city welcomed him like a hero and defender. In January 1824, Lord Byron, the most celebrated Philhellene in Europe, arrived in Mesologgi in Central Greece. One example of that subjugation illustrates the price of living without the divine-like virtue of freedom, which was everything for the Greeks. Western Christians and Moslem Turks captured and humiliated and impoverished Greece.
The Greeks suffered what people suffer when they lose their freedom. They wrecked Hellenic civilization and, in time, the image we have of ancient Greeks and their civilization. This brought Rome and Christianity to Hellas. Oligarchy and tyranny empowered the few who weakened the common interest and defense of most of the many small Greek poleis (city-states). Such antagonism often gave rise to hubris and discord, even war. The Greeks were extremely competitive, however. The Athenians proved that direct democracy was the best defender of freedom.
In other words, the Greeks experimented with a variety of constitutions that either embraced freedom (democracy) or limited freedom to a few (oligarchy) or just one (monarchy and tyranny). They founded the polis, which enabled them to pass laws that protected their right to speak freely, and to govern and be governed by citizens of the polis. In fact, freedom was within their civilization: piety for the gods, polis, athletic games, education, literature and art.
Greeks invented political theory and freedom. They fought their decades-long civil wars in Greece. The republican Romans knew Greek freedom, but they were too busy killing each other to pay attention.
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